In 1938 the first oceanarium, or large marine aquarium, Marineland, opened near St. Still another category includes temporary aquariums that have served as exhibits at world’s fairs and expositions. and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, Calif. Among the best known of the latter are those at Naples the Oceanographic Museum of Monaco Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Eng. Another category encompasses those aquariums that serve chiefly as research institutions. Many of the world’s principal cities now have public aquariums as well as commercial ones. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. By 1928 there were 45 public or commercial aquariums throughout the world, but growth then slowed and few new large aquariums appeared until after World War II. ![]() Barnum, the circus entrepreneur, recognized the commercial possibilities of living aquatic animals and, in 1856, opened the first display aquarium at the American Museum in New York City as a private enterprise. It was followed by aquariums in Berlin, Naples, and Paris. The first display aquarium was opened to the public in 1853 at Regent’s Park in London. By 1850 the keeping of fishes, amphibians, and reptiles had become useful in the study of nature. His work aroused increased public interest in aquatic life. Although French-born naturalist Jeanne Villepreux-Power invented the first recognizable glass aquarium in 1832, it was in the works of British naturalist Philip Gosse, however, that the term first took on its modern meaning as a vessel in which aquatic animals, as well as plants, can be held. Prior to the middle of the 19th century, the term aquarium was applied in botany to describe a container used for growing aquatic plants. Image upplied by the Internet Archive (at ) in association with the Thomas Fisher Biodiversity Collection, University of Toronto. Although goldfish were successfully kept in glass vessels in England during the middle 1700s, aquarium keeping did not become well established until the relationship between oxygen, animals, and plants became known a century later.Ī glass freshwater aquarium, containing Vallisneria spiralis (a type of eel grass) and goldfish, from The Book of the Aquarium and Water Cabinet, by Shirley Hibberd, 1856. The ancient Romans, who kept fish for food and entertainment, were the first known marine aquarists they constructed ponds that were supplied with fresh seawater from the ocean. Their selective breeding of ornamental goldfish was later introduced to Japan, where the breeding of ornamental carp was perfected. The Chinese, who raised carp for food as early as 1000 bce, were probably the first to breed fish with any degree of success. The earliest known aquarists were the Sumerians, who kept fishes in artificial ponds at least 4,500 years ago records of fish keeping also date from ancient Egypt and Assyria. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!Īquarium, receptacle for maintaining aquatic organisms, either freshwater or marine, or a facility in which a collection of aquatic organisms is displayed or studied.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century. ![]() ![]()
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